Viola biflora L.

Alpine Yellow-violet

Minimum height	8
Maximal height	15
Life form	He
SBT (Social Behaviour Type)	Su
Ujvárosi's life form system	NA
Modified Ellenberg - Müller-Dombois life form (main category)	H
Modified Ellenberg - Müller-Dombois life form (sub-category)	NA

Chromosome number	12
Ploidy level	NA

Phytosociological categorization (Soó)	E41341
Phytosociological categorization (Borhidi)	8.4.3.1.5
Nativeness	native species
Residence time
Introduction mode
Invasion status
Area type	CIR
Conservation status	P
Conservation value (HUF)	50000
Year of protection	1982
IUCN Red List category	NE
Hungarian Red List category	EN
Conservation value category	U

Ellenberg indicator values
EIV L	4
EIV T	3
EIV K	4
EIV F	6
EIV R	7
EIV N	6
EIV S	0
Zólyomi's ecological indicator values
TZ-scale	2
WZ-scale	7
RZ-scale	5
Soó's ecological indicator values
TS-scale	1-2
FS- scale	3
RS- scale	4
NS-scale	2-3
Borhidi's ecological indicator values
TB-scale	3
WB-scale	7
RB-scale	7
NB-scale	6
LB-scale	3
CB-scale	4
SB-scale	0

Leaf traits
Leaf Area (Lhotsky et al. 2016)	NA
Leaf Area (E-Vojtkó et al. 2020)	1239.767
Leaf Area (Gyalus et al. 2022)	NA
Leaf Area (McIntosh-Buday et al. 2022)	NA
LDMC (Lhotsky et al. 2016)	NA
LDMC (E-Vojtkó et al. 2020)	196.268
LDMC (Gyalus et al. 2022)	NA
LDMC (McIntosh-Buday et al. 2022)	NA
SLA (Lhotsky et al. 2016)	NA
SLA (E-Vojtkó et al. 2020)	35.828
SLA (Gyalus et al. 2022)	NA
SLA (McIntosh-Buday et al. 2022)	NA
Leaf fresh mass (E-Vojtkó et al. 2020)	0.182
Leaf fresh mass (McIntosh-Buday et al. 2022)	NA
Leaf dry mass (E-Vojtkó et al. 2020)	34.783
Leaf dry mass (McIntosh-Buday et al. 2022)	NA

Distribution in Hungary

Distribution maps presented here are only for reference purposes, for more details see the Vascular plants of Hungary online database.

Last update: 3 February 2022.